There are 14 treaties that apply in the Yukon:
- 11 Yukon First Nations Final Agreements with associated Self-Government Agreements
- Inuvialuit Final Agreement
- Gwitch'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement (Appendix C)
- Historic Treaty 11
Treaties are legal agreements that outline Indigenous rights to land, economic development, resources and much more.
The 11 Yukon First Nations Self-Government Agreements flow from each Yukon First Nation's Final Agreements and set out law-making authorities and processes, among other matters.
All Yukon First Nations have constitutionally protected rights in the Yukon, whether or not they have signed a treaty.
Treaty process in the Yukon
The Yukon’s modern treaty process has resulted in Final and Self-Government Agreements between individual Yukon First Nations, the Government of Canada and the Government of Yukon.
Umbrella Final Agreement
The Umbrella Final Agreement is a framework for negotiating the individual Final Agreements. It was signed in 1993 by the Government of Canada, the Government of Yukon and the Council of Yukon First Nations.
Final Agreements
The Final Agreements are constitutionally-protected modern treaties that outline Yukon First Nations’ rights within their traditional territories. 11 of the 14 Yukon First Nations have Final Agreements with the Government of Canada and the Government of Yukon.
They describe how the federal, territorial and First Nations governments interact with each other and define First Nations ownership of and decision-making powers on Settlement Land. The Final Agreements address heritage, fish, wildlife, natural resources, water, forestry, taxation, financial compensation, economic development and land management.
Self-Government Agreements
The Self-Government Agreements stem from the Chapter 24 of the Final Agreements. They define a Yukon First Nations’ self-government powers, authorities and responsibilities, including:
- law-making;
- taxation; and
- programs and services.
Transboundary treaties
There are Indigenous governments and groups outside of the Yukon that have modern land claim agreements (treaties) that identify their land and rights in the Yukon. They are the Tetlit Gwich’in and the Inuvialuit of the Northwest Territories.
There’s also the historic Treaty 11 between the Government of Canada and some Dehcho First Nations based in the Northwest Territories that applies in the Yukon.
The Government of Yukon negotiates treaties and other types of agreements (such as accords and memorandums of understanding) with Indigenous governments and groups. Listed below are the documents signatories agreed to make publicly available, while others remain confidential.
Carcross/Tagish First Nation
- Carcross/Tagish First Nation Final Agreement
- Carcross/Tagish First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Carcross/Tagish First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
- Carcross/Tagish First Nation-Government of Yukon Intergovernmental Agreement
Champagne and Aishihik First Nations
- Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Final Agreement
- Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Self-Government Agreement
- Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Inuvialuit
Kluane First Nation
- Kluane First Nation Final Agreement
- Kluane First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Kluane First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Kwanlin Dün First Nation
- Kwanlin Dün First Nation Final Agreement
- Kwanlin Dün First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Kwanlin Dün First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Liard First Nation
Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation
- Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation Final Agreement
- Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
First Nation of Na-Cho Nyäk Dun
- First Nation of Nacho Nyak Dun Final Agreement
- First Nation of Nacho Nyak Dun Self-Government Agreement
- First Nation of Nacho Nyak Dun Personal Income Tax Sharing Agreement
Ross River Dena Council
Selkirk First Nation
- Selkirk First Nation Final Agreement
- Selkirk First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Selkirk First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Ta'an Kwäch'än Council
- Ta'an Kwäch'än Council Final Agreement
- Ta'an Kwäch'än Council Self-Government Agreement
- Ta’an Kwäch’än Council Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Teslin Tlingit Council
- Teslin Tlingit Council Final Agreement
- Teslin Tlingit Council Self-Government Agreement
- Teslin Tlingit Council Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
- Teslin Tlingit Council and Government of Yukon Intergovernmental Agreement
Tetlit Gwich'in
Treaty 11 in the Northwest Territories
Tr’ondëk Hwëch’in
- Tr’ondëk Hwëch’in Final Agreement
- Tr’ondëk Hwëch’in Self-Government Agreement
- Tr’ondëk Hwëch’in Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation
- Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation Final Agreement
- Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation Self-Government Agreement
- Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation Personal Income Tax Room Sharing Agreement
- Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation and Government of Yukon Intergovernmental Accord
Other agreements
Email Aboriginal Relations at [email protected] or call 1-867-667-5035.